Importance of Leadership Styles in Nursing-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Different Leadership Styles are Important in Nursing. Answer: Introduction: Healthcare in the modern generation has become highly dynamic in form due to its constantly changing nature depending upon the demands or the needs of the patients. The increased need to serve patients suffering from chronic situations especially of the old people had created excessive pressure on the nursing professionals. Serving increased number of geriatric patient is not the only duty of the nurses. They also need to follow healthcare nursing guidelines in each activities starting from medication errors to safe patient handling, delegation, multidisciplinary team work. All these make the nursing profession quite challenging (Lin et al., 2015). Moreover, evidence based care ensuring best service quality is yet another expectation that every healthcare organisation expects their nursing professionals to follow. Therefore, nurses may tend to feel lost, confused, stressed out, loss of vision, confusion with their job role, lack of skill and knowledge and many others. In order to hel p them to overcome such situations, nursing leaders have to take up the responsibility of guiding the nurses in ways by which they can successfully practice their skills and provide high quality care. However, a particular nursing leadership style cannot be applied in every situation, as that might not help to overcome the issues entirely. The assignment will mainly provide a rationale of this remark and will help to establish the point with various examples and scenarios. Transformational leadership style is presently considered to be the best leadership style in nursing. This form of leadership helps in encouraging the nursing professionals to provide their best at work. Thereby, it motivates them to be the positive while practising their skills instead of being negative. The leaders mainly do this by helping them to align to a particular mission and vision and helping to develop engaged and productive teams. This form of leaders set themselves as an example whom the subordinates can visualise and thereby develop traits to be like the leaders and provide best quality care to patients. Motivation is one of their best weapon to make the employees learn new techniques, give their valuable feedback and hence achieve their mission and vision successfully. Such form of leadership has a number of disadvantages and cannot be applied in all situations. They are seen to be highly applicable in situations when change managements are required (Tyczowski et al., 2015). For example, a healthcare organisation is trying to implement technological changes in the organisation so that development of work procedures take place and different kinds of error like medication error, documentation error and others may reduce. Therefore, this form of leadership is helpful, as it would motivate the employees to come out of their comfort zone and develop their skills to match with the new requirements. Therefore, transformational leadership would motivate subordinates for stabilising with change management. However, such form of leadership cannot always be helpful especially in cases where crisis arises. In crises, leaders need to take urgent decisions and have to develop interventions by which the crisis period would be handled effectively. Transformational leadership cannot help in these situations as motivation to make subordinates align with the mission and visions, asking them for feedback, developing passion and similar others would not help to suppo rt the crisis. Crises need immediate change in management style of the leaders and therefore in such situations situational leadership should be preferred (Foronda et al., 2014). A scenario can be considered where a sudden natural disaster had taken place for example an earthquake. Therefore, there had been huge number of deaths and injuries that human beings have suffered in some number of communities. A sudden rush of huge number of patients would take place in the healthcare facilities where the number of patients would be much higher in comparison to that of the inflow of the number of patients in other days. In such a situation, nursing leaders have huge responsibilities to develop teams, allocate them tasks, send certain teams for community relief, keep some teams for healthcare options, divide the individuals according to their skills and others. In such situations, transformational leadership traits are not suitable for all the activities that need to be conducted in such si tuations. In this situation, situational leadership is very much important. This leadership style is flexible and helps in transforming different aspects of regular healthcare practices according to the existing working requirements and meeting different needs for clinical setting (Frankel et al., 2018). The situational leaderships are seen to modify their skills and management styles according to the situational requirement of the situation. This form of leadership style is very simple to imply, as it only requires the leaders to analyse the present situation of the organisation. This helps them to imply the best strategies so that the organisation can successfully handle the crisis. This style of leadership helps the nurse leaders to take decisions and thereby modify management styles as per the needs of the situation. They are often seen to divert from their own long-term goals and strategies that were previously set by the healthcare organisation. This is again another drawback of this style of leadership (Morsiani, Bagnasco Saaso, 2017). Another type of leadership that is also important in the nursing healthcare is the democratic style of leadership. This style of leadership is very different from transformational as well as situational leadership as it provides important to the feelings and emotions of the employees rather than being too passionate about work or trying to meet the needs of crisis respectively. This can be explained with the help of an example. In many situations, the junior nurses who have joined the organisation recently or who are under placements or are working in the multidisciplinary teams go through different types of emotions. They feel confused, scared, misinformed, lack of knowledge and skill, lack of enthusiasm, burned out and many others due to variety of reasons. An effective leadership is extremely important that would not focus on development of passion and motivation like transformational leadership or not help to take interventions for crisis. In such situation, democratic leadership is required. Such kind of leadership is seen to help the healthcare practices in the organisation by enhancing the participation of the junior employees in the decision-making procedure of the organisation thereby making them feel empowered (Grossman Valiga, 2016). However, the decision making power always resides in the hands of the leaders. Still, the leaders try to make them feel included in the organisation by collecting information about their likes and dislikes, feedbacks as well as ideas from the different nursing members before they finalise anything for the organisation. This kind of leadership is found to be very effective mainly in situations when nurses burn out or develop any form of conflicts among themselves, with their seniors or when the feel burdened with work or devalued in the organisation. The leadership styles make them feel valued and when the individuals feel that their feedbacks and suggestions are cared, the nursing professionals try to dedicate themselve s and give their best to the organisations. Researchers are of the opinion that input of the employees of the organisations is one of the most significant aspects that needs to be attended for not only the growth of the organisation but also to make the organisation a healthy competent place for providing the best care (Wong, 2015). However, there are also certain disadvantages that are associated with this leadership style. Getting feedback from all the employees and to provide enough time to make them feel included become difficult to be maintained a very busy healthcare ward. They tend to focus more on the development of harmony among the team members and helping them to feel included in the organisation allowing them to participate in different decision-making procedures. This form of leadership style may again tend to be a failure in many other situations like in periods of crisis or in times of change management and many others. Therefore, one solution can be suggested in a situation that would help to overcome the dilemma of the leadership style that a nursing leader should practice in any situations. Different individuals can adopt aesthetical leadership style that is not an antithetical to other forms of leadership. This form of leadership is mainly seen to be directed by the strong sense of ethics as well as morality. This leadership style allows individuals to adapt to any form of leadership by mainly being directed by the strong sense of ethics as well as morality. This form of leadership is mainly focused on the building of the positive work environment in the healthcare organisation. The ways that a nurse leaders; actions remain based on their moral compass and values are seen to influence those around them and thereby develop and enhance the working environment. The nursing leaders with aesthetic leadership has to practice component of the pattern of knowing in nursing that is associated with imitat ive learning style and the acquisition of the knowledge by successful accumulation of irrationalised experiences (Merril, 2015). Nursing leaders should be using their own experiences and can develop traits of different forms of leaderships to value empowerment, communication and considerations of the subordinates. Therefore depending upon different situations, leaders would develop the versatility of being dynamic in nature that increases job satisfaction, nurse safety performance, innovative behaviour, quality care and many others. Conclusion: From the above discussion, it becomes clear that different situations arise where different attributes of various leadership styles are required. Therefore, in order to be effective nursing leaders, individuals should have the versatility to be dynamic. They should be able to modify their styles regarding the requirements to tackle situations effectively. The leaders of the future generation have to be sure that they are aware of all the leadership traits of the different leadership styles. They have to be highly flexible in their approach so that with the various needs of the healthcare situations, the traits can be altered to meet the demands and necessities of the situation and lead the nursing professionals effectively References: Foronda, C., Budhathoki, C., Salani, D. (2014). Use of multiuser, high-fidelity virtual simulation to teach leadership styles to nursing students.Nurse educator,39(5), 209-211. Frankel, A., PGCMS, R. (2018). What leadership styles should senior nurses develop?.Risk,10, 03. Grossman, S. and Valiga, T.M., 2016.The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing. FA Davis. Lin, P.Y., MacLennan, S., Hunt, N. and Cox, T., 2015. The influences of nursing transformational leadership style on the quality of nurses working lives in Taiwan: a cross-sectional quantitative study.BMC nursing,14(1), p.33. Merrill, K. C. (2015). Leadership style and patient safety: implications for nurse managers.Journal of Nursing Administration,45(6), 319-324. Morsiani, G., Bagnasco, A., Sasso, L. (2017). How staff nurses perceive the impact of nurse managers leadership style in terms of job satisfaction: a mixed method study.Journal of nursing management,25(2), 119-128. Tyczkowski, B., Vandenhouten, C., Reilly, J., Bansal, G., Kubsch, S.M. and Jakkola, R., 2015. Emotional intelligence (EI) and nursing leadership styles among nurse managers.Nursing administration quarterly,39(2), pp.172-180. Wong, C.A., 2015. Connecting nursing leadership and patient outcomes: state of the science.Journal of nursing management,23(3), pp.275-278.

Essay Samples For Comparing Two Libraries

Essay Samples For Comparing Two LibrariesPreparing for your college essay should not be an exercise in frustration. There are many essay samples for comparing two libraries, and they provide a starting point that will help you prepare your essay before writing the whole thing.In this article I will give you a brief introduction to these essay samples for comparing two libraries. The most obvious place where you could find these samples is the library itself. They are usually available at the back of the reference book or at the back of the library's website.These sample essays will help you to practice how to write the essay and should give you an idea of how the work could go. You should take the time to read them over carefully and make sure that they are not too difficult or if you have any ideas to improve them. Once you have finished reading them through it is time to revise them.If you do not want to read these samples yourself, you can hire a teaching assistant's book or study guide to help you with the rewriting. The benefit of using this type of material is that it is easy to follow. However, unless you are really passionate about the subject it is unlikely that you will want to do all the reading yourself.If you choose to use these samples for comparing two libraries it is important to remember that there are good and bad points. If you do not know anything about the topic then you should not use the sample. This should only be used as a stepping stone for understanding the subject. They are generally short, punchy and to the point.If you feel confident enough to write your own essay, you should consider using a sample to help you improve it. This can help you understand exactly what to avoid, what not to include and how to balance things out to ensure that you are able to come up with a completely original piece of writing.These samples for comparing two libraries should help you get started on your journey. The more experience you gain from them the better prepared you will be for the essay. This is how the best writers learn.

1984 Essays (646 words) - Nineteen Eighty-Four, Mass Surveillance

1984 1984 as an Anti-Utopian Novel A utopia is an ideal or perfect community. While some writers have created fictional places that embody their ideals societies, other writers have written satires that ridicule existing conditions of society, or anti-utopias, which show possible future societies that are anything but ideal. In 1984 , George Orwell presents a terrifying picture of future as life under the constant surveillance of ?Big Brother.? This book 1984 is an anti-utopian novel. The main character Winston Smith lives in the large political country Oceania, which is eternally at war with one of two huge countries, Eurasia and Eastasia. At any moment all existing records show either that Oceania has always been at war with Eurasia and allied with Eastasia, or that it has always been at war with Eastasia and allied with Eurasia. Winston knows this, because his work at the Ministry of Truth involves the constant correction of news. ?Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past,? the party slogan reads. Basically, Winston takes real news and twists it to what ?Big Brother? wants the people to know. In the grim city and terrifying country, where ?Big Brother? is always watching you and the Thought Police can practically read your mind, Winston is a man in great danger for the simple reason that his memory still functions. He knows the party controls people by feeding them lies and taking away their imaginations. The Party forbids thought, love, and relationships. Drawn into a secret love affair, Winston finds the courage to join a secret revolutionary organization called The Brotherhood, dedicated to the destruction of the Party. Together with his lover Julia, he puts his life on the line in a deadly match against the powers of the Party. George Orwell creates an anti-utopian society in the novel 1984 . The society involves monitors called telescreens watching you every step you take, love is forbidden, conformity, and your assigned to work at one of four ministries. In this society you can't enjoy life or have any fun. After reading the novel you hope that the future wont be dreadful. ?When 1984 was new, and 1984 far in the future, the novel struck its most responsive readers as an unprecedented torment, an extreme and intolerable vision that stood out? (Miller 19). The book makes the reader put their head up and question if this is how our time will end. Orwell creates a book where being different is illegal. ?In 1984 Orwell is trying to present the kind of world in which individuality has become obsolete and personality is a crime? (Howe 322). Imagine living in a society where if you expressed your own opinions or ideas you would be sent to a Ministry of Love where you would be tormented and corrupted. Living in Oceania doesn't seem like an ideal lifestyle. In 1984 you see the Party kill Winston Smith's individuality. ?Winston Smith, the hero of the novel, is shown arming himself with ideas against the Party and defying it by forming a sexual relationship with Julia: but from the first we know that he will not escape the secret police, and after he is caught we see him undergoing a dreadful metamorphosis which burns out his human essence, leaving him a wreck who can go on living only by becoming on of them? (Rahv 313). It is sad that Winston can't overcome the power of the Party. It seems all faith in a pleasant future will be stopped by the Party. 1984 ?s anti-utopian society is a horrible one. If the future is as dark as George Orwell portray, lets hope we have individuals that will fight for a better world. Anti-utopian novels open up peoples eyes about life and existence. Works Cited Howe, Irving ?The fiction of Anti-Utopia? 1984 (New York: Harcourt Brace Javonovich, Inc., 1982) Miller, Mark ?The Fate of 1984? Irving Howe. 1984 Revisited (New York: Harper and Row, Inc.,1983) Rahv, Phillip ?The Unfuture of Utopia? Irving Howe. 1984 Revisited (New York: Harper and Row, Inc.,1983) Book Reports

Free sample - Cannabis. translation missing

Cannabis. CannabisAccording to Brown (1998), Cannabis can be defined as a genus among the flowering plants comprising of three recognized species namely, Cannabis indica, Cannabis ruderalis, and Cannabis sativa. The three classifications are autochthonous to South Asia, and Central Asia. Cannabis is a very unique plant that is used for a number of reasons, both positive and negative and its uses can affect the entire global society. Cannabis is known by a number of names, for instance, Marijuana, Grass, Attention Getter-weed, Dope, and Pot. For a number of years, there has been a stigma accompanying the Cannabis plant and it has been seen as an inherently evil plant by most of the people in any given society. Apparently, it is the use or misuse of the plant that is bad or good, and not the plant itself. Cannabis can be eaten, smoked, or drunk just like tea. If Cannabis is taken in low doses it can bring about a relaxed state of mood while higher doses of Cannabis may bring about euphoria. It has been clear that, not every individual sees positive consequences from cannabis, for instance, most of the novice users and the high dose steady users have experienced increased paranoia or anxiety. It has been found that the main active ingredient of cannabis called delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, affects processing of information as well as speed of response such that the activities that involve skilled responses like driving can be affected negatively (Nahas Latour, 1993).  Ã‚   Cannabis is a long-lasting hemp plant. Over many years, the cannabis plant has been used to manufacture a variety of products namely, pulp, seeds, and medicine. The Cannabis plant pulp has been used as fuel and as a raw material for making paper. The seed has been used in foods but the oil that is extracted from the seed can be utilized as a base for varnishes and paints. The leaves and blossoms of the hemp plant excrete a sticky resin which is usually used in a number of medicinal functions and in most cases for entertaining people as they abuse its use (Potter Joy 1998). Most consciousness-altering drugs comprise of both constructive and destructive effects. Apparently, people use drugs following their constructive effects but most of them are not aware of the possible destructive effects. Therefore, it is the ratio of the constructive to destructive effects that propels much of the debates regarding drugs. Some individuals perceive the use of Cannabis as a better option, while for other people the use of Cannabis is more casual. Just like all the other substances, there is a possible price that can be paid regarding the risks to one’s health (Brown, 1998). References Brown, D., (1998). Cannabis: the Genus Cannabis. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Potter, B., Joy, D. (1998). The Healing Magic of Cannabis. USA: Ronin Publishing. Nahas, G., Latour, C. (1993). Cannabis. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Study Case of Goldman Sachs and the Real Estate Bubble

Of Goldman Sachs and the Real Estate Bubble - Case Study Example e an evaluation of what really happened, prescribe alternatives that ought to have been taken, give recommendations about how such a situation can be avoided and finally give a conclusion. Goldman Sachs is one of the biggest, and leading financial institutions in the world. Founded in the year 1869, it is an investment bank that is regarded the leading world investment bank. It is also involved in the management of investments and securities and also provides a variety of consultancy and other services across the world. The net revenue that Goldman Sachs raked in from its wide portfolio of services in the year 2011 was over 28 billion dollars (Konecny, 2012). It is also known for employing the top cream of the best universities who help propel it to such great heights, with top officials sitting at the treasury, such as the former secretary to the treasury, Henry Paulson, and other government financial institutions being past employees of Goldman Sachs. So what was the involvement of this giant company in the real estate bubble hit? Its involvement, both direct and indirect, can be simplified into three. Firstly, it sold securities which were mortgage- related and ove rpriced to investors without actually telling them the obvious risks that lay ahead. Secondly, Goldman Sachs, through its mortgage division’s Alternative Mortgage Products, made bets that the values of the securities would dip following a drop in the prices of houses in the United States. The third involvement of the investment bank in the housing bubble issue was its indirect connections with powerful government executives, who were actually former executives at Goldman. This made way for its receipt of bailout money from payments advanced to entities it had acquired such as AIG after the collapse of the bubble (Cohan, 2012). A number of reasons have been put forth in an attempt to explain the causes of the housing bubble. Such explanations include deregulation of financial institutions, misguided

The Hypertension as High Blood Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Hypertension as High Blood Problem - Essay Example According to the paper as it is widely accepted that smoking may cause High Blood Pressure and heart disease, giving up smoking should be her first priority. There are a variety of methods to achieve this and she should be made aware of them. She will have to take measures in respect of her diet to reduce the amount of salt that she consumes and should be aware of the salt content of the packaged food she uses. The same care should be undertaken with her intake of fat. She should also be advised to reduce her alcohol consumption to an acceptable level. She should make get regular exercise to assist in the loss of weight which will also assist in the reduction of cholesterol and high blood pressure. Stress is a major factor in high blood pressure and she will have to make an undertaking to control her stress levels. Her physician will give her medications help in reducing her cholesterol and also Diuretics to reduce salt and fluid from her kidneys. She will need to have regular blood tests and have her blood pressure measured on a regular basis to ensure that all aspects of her disease are kept at acceptable levels.

Whole Language Or Phonics Approach English Language Essay

Whole Language Or Phonics Approach English Language Essay Critically analyse and discuss the benefits and shortcomings in teaching reading through a phonics approach in comparison to a whole language methodology. What are your views about each approach? Support your arguments with references from related literature. Teaching students to read is a vital educational aim. Reading gives opportunities and opens up new worlds. Learning to read, will enable students gain new knowledge, enjoy texts, and do everyday life things. The phonics and the whole language approaches are two main methods to reading, a debate that still rages among educators, parents, and experts. Which approach to teaching reading works best? Whole language approach Teachers using the whole language approach are expected to provide rich environment texts for students combined with speaking, listening, reading and writing. This approach emphasise the meaning of texts over the sounds of letter and phonics instruction. Krammer and Holland found out that the whole language approach is considered a top down approach meaning the reader use his prior knowledge to interpret and construct his personal meaning of the text he is reading. In my opinion I think that this approach provides a better understanding of the text and a more interesting and creative approach to reading but it may come at the expense of accuracy and correctness. Phonics approach The phonics approach has five key elements to teaching. These are: Learning the letter sounds Learning letter formation Blending Identifying sounds in words Spelling the tricky words (Jolly Phonics: Lloyd, S.) Kelly believes that good phonic skills will help students become better readers. It provides a secure grasp of the essential sound and spelling patterns that words are composed of. There are 44 key phonemes in the English language. Some of these are single alphabet sounds such as s-a-t-p-i-n, but others may be combinations of letters like sh, ck or ie. (Kelly, 2009) Now, I will discuss the benefits and drawbacks in teaching reading through a phonics approach in comparison to a whole language methodology. Benefits in teaching reading through a phonics approach Using the phonics approach to reading helps the reader to build better the pronunciation and word recognition (Krammer and Holland). When an individual starts to pronounce words correctly, it also starts to build confidence to speak up more often (English for Life, 2008). Improved decoding success creates a secure reader. Facility and ease in identifying polysyllabic words, and in inferring their meanings from a knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, and roots, help students with comprehension (Chall, J. Popp, H.). Teaching phonics can help students develop the skills to read smoothly and accurately. When faced with a new word, a student will have an arsenal of tools with which to puzzle it out and call it by namerecognizing familiar letter combinations and accessing their recollection of similar words. Students who are secure in their ability to figure out unfamiliar words are more eager to read new and longer texts. (Matthews, 2010) Readers cannot rely only on the use of context and picture clues. Wiley Blevins stated that students need to have a repertoire of strategies to draw on to become skilled, fluent readers. Phonics approach helps with the spelling far more than the memorisation and guess work of the whole language approach (Krammer and Holland). A person will be able to pronounce and spell correctly when he hears words. For this reason, phonics will help him improve his reading and writing skills (English for Life, 2008). Drawbacks in teaching reading through a phonics approach Although the phonics approach might work for some students, it may not work equally well for others. This is due to diverse individual learning abilities. For example: Students with hearing challenges may find it difficult to connect sounds and letter groups. Students with dyslexia often reverse groups of letters, causing confusion with phonetic learning. Besides that, some children learn to read more easily using other methods. For instance, the whole language approach teaches children to recognise entire words, rather than individual sounds (Enne, V.). I agree with Krammer and Holland that when it comes to reading using the phonics approach a child may have difficulty understanding the full meaning of a text, due to the constant breaking down of words into parts. This will also bring boredom; children would not be able to enjoy the text contrary to the whole language approach. Fleury declares that phonics does not connect the children with literature, as the whole language approach does. The connection to literature helps to make reading more interesting. It is true that phonics helps children to sound out many different words but there are other words that do not follow simple phonetic rules. These words, called outlaw words, will still need to be memorised. Nearly 50 percent of all English words are outlaw words. (Available from: http://www.ehow.com/list_6856037_drawbacks-teaching-phonics_.html) Should you categorise students and push one teaching method? In my opinion I think that I balanced approach should be used in teaching reading. The National Reading Panel determined that phonics instruction is only one part of a complete reading program for beginning readers. Effective beginning reading programs should also emphasize reading fluency, vocabulary development, and text comprehension. (Available from: www.univo.edu.sv:8081/tesis/019961/019961_Cap2.pdf) In 1996, Honig, stated that a balanced approach is needed to teach reading. He described it as an approach that combines the language and literature-rich activities associated with whole language activities aimed at enhancing meaning, understanding, and the love of language with explicit teaching skills as needed to develop fluency associated with proficient readers. In the article Curriculum: Whole Language and Phonics: Can They Work Together? written by Cromwell, S. (1997) says that Supporters of the whole language approach think childrens literature, writing activities, and communication activities can be used across the curriculum to teach reading; backers of phonics instruction insist that a direct, sequential mode of teaching enables students to master reading in an organised way. There is an ongoing debate on which is the best way to teach a child how to read. Phonics helps children to pronounce better and recognise the words. It helps them far more than memory and guess work used in the whole language approach. Formulas learned in phonics can be applied repeatedly. On the other hand, using the whole language approach helps children to understand better different types of texts. It is much more interesting and creative to reading rather than the phonics approach. Whole language approach emphasises on meaning and comprehension. Children memorise large numbers of sight words and learn to read by reading. I do not have enough experience but I can speak from my 3 years of teaching practice. I believe that both approaches must be used hence using a balanced reading approach. Most children learn through an amalgamation of skills. Each method offers different strategies. One has to remove the idea of one size fits all and keep in mind that every child is different. There is no one best method to teach children. Educationworld.com says that Many combinations and permutations are necessary to provide an optimal learning environment for an entire class of readers A teacher must be careful when teaching reading keeping in mind the different abilities of his students and focusing on literature and fun. After all, it is the teacher who makes the difference in the learning process. I believe that a teacher should provide time to read to his students often, choral read with them and also give them time to read both alone and in pairs. I remember that when I used to teach phonics through word games, to year 2 students, it used to work. Students where learning by having fun. Spending only a brief time each day on phonics and doing no more than one worksheet daily I eliminated boredom. It is important to try other reading approaches for students who are not able to learn phonics easily. Through research, I found out that recorded books or story writing might help. I make it a point that in my classroom I have a library. Unfortunately I have been in some schools where school libraries are not available. Students who have social problems how can they be exposed to literacy? It is highly important to expose children to books. It is important to have books in classroom so that students can browse, read and discuss them. Krammer and Holland state that when using a balanced reading approach, a teacher should provide as much structure as possible and some step-by-step skill work, especially for analytic students, while emphasising literature and fun. Also, a teacher should provide sufficient tools for decoding words, using small amounts of direct instruction in phonics for auditory and analytic learners. Tape-recording phonics lessons will help students to work independently to improve their skills. Visual learners tend to benefit from the whole language approach while auditory learners rely more on phonics since they hear the sound of letters and identify words. A balanced reading approach will probably be most beneficial! Finally I conclude using a balanced approach to teach reading will probably be most beneficial. IAE (2003) discovered that both research and classroom practices support the use of a balanced approach in instruction. The motive for this is because reading depends on efficient word recognition and comprehension. I agree that therefore instruction should develop reading skills and strategies, as well as build on the learners knowledge through the use of authentic texts. (Bernhardt, 1991; Bernhardt, 2000; Hulstijn, 1991; Kamil, Mosenthal Pearson, 2000; Snow Burns Griffin, 1998)